Box Building
Each type of sub requires it's own type of box. If a sub is installed in a box larger or smaller than what is supposed to, it will sound distorted/bad and could be destroyed. Boxes can be built in many shapes, but it is important that the box volume is calculated accurately to achieve maximum performance.
Materials
A box MUST be very sturdy. Most common building materials are 5/8" or thicker particle board or medium density fiberboard. If building a box with Plexiglas, do not use anything less that 1/2 inch thick. A common material used to mold complex shaped boxes is fiberglass, but it is very hard to work with, and require several layers for a smooth finish.
Gluing, Sealing
Glue should be used at all joints to fill any spaces. Any spaces will degrade the performance of your subs, not to mention the annoying noise air makes when being pushed out of a small hole. On applying the glue, let it cure for at least 24 hours before mounting the subs. This is a precautionary mesure to protect the rubbers used to make the subs from the high fumes that some manufacturers glue products have.
Holding Joints Together
In connecting box joints, it is best to screw the joints every four inches or so using 2" - 2-1/2" screws. Pre-drill about 3/4" deep, so that screws do not split the wood at the edges, especially when working with particle/bashboard.
Should I have a Box for Each Sub?
It is advised to have a separate chamber for each sub. Even though not necessary, here are two reasons why such a directive should be taken: First, if one of the subs blows, then the volume of the box will be "twice" as big for the one remaining working sub. This could cause problems and even damage the other sub. The second reason is bracing. Building a box with a divider in the middle will make the box more rigid.
Ports
Ports must be built into your box design to channel out the air made by the sub's vibrations. If a pre-made port is not available, the most common material is PVC . PVC is very rigid, comes in different diameters. Cut the tubing at the desired length. Consider the volume the port takes up when calculating the box volume. Cut a hole in the box. Make sure the hole is as perfect as possible to minimize gaps between the box and the tube. A couple wood braces can be added for screwing the port top the box. Seal the gaps using a proper sealant (Evo Stick or even silicone can be used).
Bracing
Boxes that are more than a foot in width or length or height, should be braced so that the box becomes more sturdy. This can be accomplished with a piece of wood maybe 3 or 4 inches wide across the box). It is a good idea to put wood blocks on the corners for reinforcement. Always consider that blocks, braces, neon lights, etc. inside a box take up space and should be accounted for when calculating internal volume.
Damping/Filling
Damping increases subwoofer efficiency by dissipating some energy that affects the sub, particularly the voice coil. It is advisable to put damping material inside a box. Pillow polyfill and fiberglass insulation are common, though polyfill is a lot easier on your skin. Polyfill also "tricks" a sub into thinking it is in a bigger box. Play around with different amounts of polyfill until you get the desired results.
Making it look professional
Make the box surface free from holes and spaces by adding wood fill. If you decide to paint the box, then you should apply primer first. Carpet or Vinyl padding is the best covering to use since they easily cover any outer blemishes on teh box and give the box a 'smooth' outlook. Be carefull when cutting the vinyl or carpet since such cutters tend to be very sharp. Cut a piece of carpet (or vinyl) big enough to cover the whole box. Apply adhesive to both box and carpet (EvoStick works great). Wait about a minute and place the fabric over the wood. For the best fit, stretch the fabric when applying it. The fabric should wrap around and end in a place of the box that will not be seen. Do one side at a time, cutting excess carpet. If possible, add staples preferabke heavy duty staples that can penetrate the box, to hold the fabric at the ends. NOTE: Do not cover each panel of the box before mounting it together since it would be impossible to find any 'leaks' that may exist in the box design much less fill these leaks.
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Background Information to the United Arab Emirates and Dubai: -
Dubai is one of the seven states that make up the United Arab Emirates (UAE); it is located in the Middle East. The UAE borders the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf and is situated between Oman and Saudi Arabia. The United Arab Emirates was formed in 1971 by the then Trucial States after their independence from Britain.
The UAE is governed by a Supreme Council of Rulers, the council is made up of the seven emirs and they appoint the prime minister and the cabinet for the country. Despite being ultimately ruled by the Supreme Council, as with the other six states, Dubai maintains a large degree of autonomy from the UAE when it comes to general decision making for the citys development.
Oil was first discovered in the United Arab Emirates in the 1950s, before that the countrys economy was built on fishing and pearling, since 1962, when Abu Dhabi became the first of the emirates to begin exporting the oil, the country's economy has been completely transformed.
Sheikh Zayed, who has been the president of the UAE since its inception, quickly understood the economic potential for the country from the oil industry. He has continued to ensure that each of the emirates benefits from the oil generated wealth, he has insisted on the reinvestment of oil revenues into the healthcare system, the education system and the general national infrastructure.
The development of the oil industry has led to a large influx of foreign workers to the UAE, in fact Dubais population is the fastest growing in the world and the foreign population makes up about three quarters of the entire UAE population! As a direct result of this fact the UAE is one of the most liberal countries in the Gulf, with other cultures and beliefs tolerated. Dubai has also been quick to understand the need for diversification. Oil in the region is only projected to last for about 30 years and so Dubai has successfully embarked upon a major diversification program aimed to at developing industries and commercial enterprises to take the place of oil as the predominate commodity of the state's economy.
The climate in Dubai is sub-tropical and arid or desert like. The city enjoys almost year round sunny blue skies. Rain is infrequent and if it does fall, it falls in the winter.
Temperatures range from lows of 10C to extreme summer highs of 48C. The average maximum daily temperature in January is 24C and the average maximum daily temperature in July is 41C when humidity is very high.
About the city of Dubai
Dubai is recognised as the commercial and tourism capital of the UAE and is globally regarded as one of the most sophisticated, futuristic and cosmopolitan cities in the world, in fact Dubai is something of a phenomenon! It is an Arab Muslim society with the fastest growing foreign population in the world, and it has successfully developed harmony through ethnic diversity. It is a city with unrivalled levels of economic energy and architectural ambition, a unique city of contrasts where the most modern and architecturally stunning skyscrapers stand alongside traditional beautiful Arabic structures.
The experiences and attractions available in Dubai are many and varied. From the miles of immaculate beautiful white sandy beaches to the richly exotic Arabian heritage, from the awe inspiring majesty of the desert to the lively international bars, restaurants and nightclubs a visitor to Dubai is guaranteed an incredible, never to be forgotten experience.In 2003 Dubai was voted safest holiday destination in the world by Conde Nast Traveller magazine, and in fact Dubai is recognised globally as one of the safest cities in the world. Living in Dubai you will find that it is virtually crime-free with the Dubai police ensuring personal safety and security. Anyone found guilty of committing a serious crime will be severely punished. Alcohol and drug related offences are considered serious.
The economy of the city of Dubai is a mainly service-driven economy, with every business amenity from banking to telecommunications offered. International trading and industrialisation are actively encouraged through the provision of favourable taxation advantages, offshore status, specialist free trade zones etc. Recent innovative projects in the city include the foundation of Dubai Media City and Dubai Internet City, bringing 21st century technology to Dubai in the world's very first Free Zone wholly dedicated to e-business.
Day to Day Life in Dubai
Accommodation
If you are considering moving to Dubai one of your first thoughts will no doubt be finding somewhere to live. This is not something youll find too tricky, there are many companies advertising rental accommodation in the classified sections of local newspapers and they offer everything from private villas to luxury apartments or even shared accommodation. Whatever your budgetary and lifestyle requirements are, the specialist relocation and housing companies will be sure to have something to assist you. If you prefer to find your accommodation privately and avoid any agency costs, many people use supermarkets notice boards to advertise or request accommodation.
In terms of which areas of the city offer the type of accommodation you are after, Jumeirah, Umm Sequiem and the Safa Park area are upmarket and offer villa-type accommodation. Satwa and Garhoud also offer villas but are slightly cheaper. Rashidiya, Mirdif and Al Quoz are mainly Arabic areas and they actually attract a lot of expats.
If you are after an apartment the most popular areas are around Bur Dubai, the Sheikh Zayed Road with cheaper flats are available in Deira, Satwa and Karama. Some of the more exclusive apartment developments offer shared gym and pool facilities together with garaged car parking and the like.
Education
If you are considering moving to Dubai with family and are interested in finding out about the education system and the availability and quality of schools, one of the best ways is to ask around! Because of the numbers of expats in Dubai there is actually a large number of primary and secondary schools from which you can to choose. Most schools are private fee paying schools and really the best way to get an idea of the reputation of a school is to ask friends, colleagues and other expats who live in Dubai. Many of the schools also have their own websites where you can learn about the curriculum they follow, after school programs etc.
When it comes to enrolling your child in the UAE there are a few restrictions you should be aware of. For example you are not allowed to change your childs school during the academic yearunless approval is given by the Ministry of Education and the circumstances are special. This means that you have to make sure the school you choose for your child will definitely suit them. Another restriction you should be aware of is that is you move to Dubai on or after the 1st May each year you cant enrol your child into the schooling system for that year. Instead youll have to enrol for the beginning of the new school year which is usually the beginning of September.
Health
Another consideration you may have if thinking about relocation to Dubai may be the state of the health care system available there. It is fair to say that Dubai has many very well equipped hospitals and surgeries. Dubais Department of Health and Medical Services runs Dubai, Rashid, Maktoum and Al Wasl hospitals, with Dubai Hospital one of the best medical centres in the entire Middle East. Al Wasl is a maternity and gynaecology hospital.
The Department of Health also run out patient clinics or surgeries and in addition there are a number of quality private hospitals in Dubai offering in and out patient facilities e.g., The American and Welcare Hospitals. Overall both the private and publicly offered health care services in Dubai are first class.
Working
Working in Dubai you will enjoy a tax free salary and all shop goods can be bought at tax free prices, making it an incredibly attractive city to international workers and international companies. Job opportunities in Dubai and diverse and plentiful, particularly since the additions of the Media and Internet citiesDubai is a city expanding its horizons at an unrivalled rate.
It is important to mention that some countries worldwide have tax laws enabling them to tax their nationals on their worldwide income. It is important to check your status with an international accountant before taking up employment in the city.
Lifestyle
Dubai has a thriving expat population who make the most of their tax free lifestyle in this amazing city of opportunity. The nightlife in the city is excellent, with cocktail bars, wine bars, themed bars and typical British or Irish pubs available, many of which offer food and entertainment as well.
High standard international cuisine is available in the citys many restaurants and if you are looking for lively evening entertainment there are numerous night clubs around the city. Some of the clubs attract international DJs; there are also Middle Eastern, Indian and Asian nightclubs offering entertainment with singers and dancers. Dubai also welcomes international touring singing and entertainment acts which cater to all tastes and agesfrom traditional theatre groups to ballet, from opera to international rock and pop bands - all are regular visitors to the United Arab Emirates.
You can be assured of an exciting pace of life in Dubai and a high standard of living.
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Whether you are looking for land for sale in Tucson to build a home or a business, or some other venture, you have plenty of options to choose from. However there are many other considerations you will need to make before you purchase any land for sale in Tucson. You will need to look at the surrounding development, the zoning, the terrain and soil, as well as the flood plain, and many other factors. If you do this before you purchase the land, it will save you a lot of trouble later.
Surrounding development is a major factor in any land purchase. Does your intended use of the land for sale in Tucson fit in with the homes and businesses in the area? If you are building a home, for example, what kinds of homes are already in the area? If your home value is too high, it may lower the selling price in the future. If you are building a business on land for sale in Tucson, how many other businesses like yours are already in the area? Will the surrounding community support a business like yours?
Most people are familiar with the principle of zoning. If the land for sale in Tucson that you are looking at is zoned for something other than what you intend to use it for, you have basically two choices: you can look for other land for sale in Tucson, or you can apply to the city for a zoning variance. This process may take months with public hearings, applications and other requirements, so if you proceed with this course of action, you will need to be patient.
For those of you unfamiliar with Tucson, it is in a desert valley. When it rains, the sandy soil is often unable to hold all of the water causing flooding in low areas and washes. Before you purchase any land for sale in Tucson you will need to make sure that you are not in a flood plain or you will need to take precautions and insurance to protect you and your land. Sandy soil is also a problem for some farming and other uses. You may have to do soil preparation and adding other soil if you want to grow things, such as for a farm or a golf course on the land for sale in Tucson.
If you are in an unincorporated area of Tucson, you will want to make sure that the land for sale in Tucson has access to utilities such as water, gas and electric as well as fire department and other emergency services. Many times these are provided by private contractors or companies.
Tucson is a beautiful, growing vibrant southwestern city, with cultural richness and heritage that goes back for centuries. If you are thinking of starting a business or a life there, you will find it has much to offer.
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When the state nickname is based on the beloved University of Nebraska college football team, you know all you need to. With inexpensive prices, youll have your pick of Nebraska real estate to watch the games.
Nebraska
To the surprise of many, Nebraska is a state with a history of significant personalities and events. Figures such as Crazy Horse and Walter Reed were prominent during the expansion of the country to the west. While Nebraska is often derided as a flat state, there is something to be said for the peaceful and hypnotic swaying fields of wheat that cover the state. If youre looking to live in a state valuing traditional American values, Nebraska will do the trick without wiping out your bank account.
Lincoln
Lincoln is home to the University of Nebraska and Go Big Red! is a theme in this town with a lot of culture. While the University dominates the town, it does so to the benefit of residents. Lincoln is full of little shops, cafes and restaurants you would expect to find in a college town. What sets the town apart is the passion for college football. Lincoln is the place where 75,000 people will fill the stadium to watch the Cornhuskers have a practice game against themselves. Euphoria or depression follow the result of Saturday games each fall. All and all, Lincoln gets a big thumbs up.
Omaha
Omaha is the biggest city in Nebraska and the state capital. The city is fairly prosperous, but generally unremarkable. The highlights are the downtown area, a solid collection of museums and impressive zoo. Unlike Lincoln, the overall atmosphere is a low key one. While the lack of energy might trouble some, it is a good, solid place to raise a family.
Nebraska Real Estate
Nebraska real estate is generally inexpensive. Single family homes will run from $140,000 to $220,000 on average throughout the state. In 2005, the appreciation rate for Nebraska real estate was a very modest 5.5 percent, the eighth lowest in the nation.
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